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Early 1900s German History Facts
FACTS
Early speculation boom ‘Grunderzeit’
1873-1896 Time of Stagnation often called the ‘Great Depression’ – ‘Grunderkrise’
Between 1880-1913 Germany had a 11-13% share of world trade
1896-1914 growth annually 3.6% - higher than Britain and France
Net Domestic Product, by 1890 reached 20billion Reichmarks, by 1914 had x2
Gross National Product, 1880s Agriculture, 35-40%-Industry 30-35%
Whilst by the 1900s Agriculture 25%-Industry 45% Structural transformation.
1913 Agriculture employs 10million, industry 11million.
By 1914 1/5 of all production for export.
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1879 patenting of the Thomas Gilchrist method
By 1913 Germany was producing 2/3 of all Europe’s steel exports and producing 25% of the world iron trade making it the 2nd largest iron exporter.
Aided the 1880s ‘Grunderboom’, Railway boom!
1913 mining half the quantity of total mined coal in Cont Europe, 191million tonnes
Third to Britain and the USA.
Chemicals Growth annually was around 6.2%
1900 Germany produced 90% of world dyes.
1911 110 power stations had been built.
1910 Germany had 1million telephones. Exchanges connected 1.8billion calls
1912 70,000 motor vehicles in Germany
By 1884 state owned 12000km and this increased 3400 by 1914 – 15400 track
1903 4.1million tonnes of shipping registered in Germany
Population 1890 49million, 1914 67million
1875 18.6million people employed, 1914 31.3million employed
Huge growth of cities due to industry and railways. 1914 2/3 live in them.
1914, Berlin has 3.7million inhabitants more than Paris
1871-73 2,7billion marks invested in joint stock companies.
1914 Dresdner bank had representatives on boards at 159 firms
1912 4billion marks were invested in the industrial sector.
1875 8 cartels, 1910 673
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1913 10 million still employed in Agriculture, still important sector
1882 75,500 steam threshers, 1907 489,000.
Between 1880-1914 the amount of agricultural machinery x4
Between 1871-1913 Real wages x2
Between 1871-1914 upward trend despite Krondratiev cycles
The value of German exports in 1913 was 10.1billion marks.
Real growth through the whole period has been seen at around 3%
1890 German industrial production 2/3 Britain, share of world trade ½ of Britain. 1914 Germany had overtaken Britain in industrial production, and world trade.
1850-1873 – Takeoff Growth
1873-1896 – Great Depression
1896-1913 – Accelerating Growth |
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